HISTORIC SPEECHES
ABRAHAM LINCOLN
Address in Independence Hall
February 22, 1861
Mr. Cuyler:
I am filled with deep emotion at finding myself standing here, in this place, where
were collected together the wisdom, the patriotism, the devotion to principle, from
which sprang the institutions under which we live. You have kindly suggested to me that
in my hands is the task of restoring peace to the present distracted condition of the
country. I can say in return, Sir, that all the political sentiments I entertain have been
drawn, so far as I have been able to draw them, from the sentiments which originated
and were given to the world from this hall. I have never had a feeling politically that
did not spring from the sentiments embodied in the Declaration of Independence. I
have often pondered over the dangers which were incurred by the men who assembled
here, and framed and adopted that Declaration of Independence. I have pondered
over the toils that were endured by the officers and soldiers of the army who achieved
that Independence. I have often inquired of myself, what great principle or idea it was
that kept this Confederacy so long together. It was not the mere matter of the separation
of the Colonies from the motherland; but that sentiment in the Declaration of Independence
which gave liberty, not alone to the people of this country, but, I hope, to the world, for
all future time. It was that which gave promise that in due time the weight would be
lifted from the shoulders of all men. This is a sentiment embodied in the Declaration of
Independence. Now, my friends, can this country be saved upon that basis? If it can,
I will consider myself one of the happiest men in the world, if I can help to save it. If it
cannot be saved upon that principle, it will be truly awful. But if this country cannot be
saved without giving up that principle, I was about to say I would rather be assassinated
on this spot than surrender it.
Now, in my view of the present aspect of affairs, there need
be no bloodshed and war. There is no necessity for it. I am not in favor of such a course,
and I may say, in advance, that there will be no bloodshed unless it be forced upon
the Government, and then it will be compelled to act in self-defence.
My friends, this is wholly an unexpected speech, and I did not expect to be called upon
to say a word when I came here. I supposed it was merely to do something toward
raising the flag. I may, therefore, have said something indiscreet. (Cries of "No, no")
I have said nothing but what I am willing to live by and, if it be the pleasure of Almighty
God, die by.
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